House Plants
Identification
If
you've ever been unsure about house plant
identification
or had trouble deciding among several choices for
gift-giving, you'll be happy to know that, this
month, Flower Shop Network is launching a new
gallery of pictures of house plants in order to help
make your selection easier. There are numerous
varieties of tropical plants, available from your
local florist, which are suitable for indoor
growing. Most of these species have earned their
popularity because of their attractive foliage and
the ease of their care. Occasionally, we may even be
rewarded with flowers from a few of them, such as
Peace Lilies (Spathiphyllum).
The plants we grow most often in our homes are
usually juvenile forms of potentially much larger
tropical plants, but given the limitations of space,
light, humidity, and nutrition, it's not likely that
they would ever reach mature size. For example, the
popular Schefflera, or Umbrella Tree, is normally
sold as a young shrub between 18 inches and four
feet tall. But planted out in the open in its native
Australia, it readily becomes a woody tree of forty
or more feet tall, blooming at maturity with long
spikes of bright red flowers.
House
plant identification becomes a little easier if we
learn to recognize a few of the characteristics of
some of the more commonly available plant families.
Among the more popular plants for indoor growing are
the Dracaenas. These plants typically have linear-lanceolate
foliage which grows in whorls from the tops of
slowly elongating stems. Many of the Dracaenas have
colorfully striped foliage, such as the Corn Plant,
with broad yellow stripes on its softly arching
leaves, and the Red Margined Dracaena, which sports
narrow red lines along the edges of its spiky, dark
green leaf blades. Dracaenas are well adapted to
indoor growing conditions, being fairly undemanding
as to light and moisture requirements. Large,
well-grown plants will sometimes produce racemes of
white or ivory flowers which are intensely fragrant
at night. But flowering is a rare event among
Dracaenas, so we appreciate them more for their
foliage as well as their sculptural forms.
Scheffleras and their cousins, the Arboricolas (both
Brassia species) feature compound leaves ?five to
seven, or more, oval leaflets arranged like the
spokes of a wheel around the end a central leaf stem
(petiole) which grows off the side of the main
trunk. They prefer a bit more light and more even
moisture than the Dracaenas. Most Scheffleras are an
unmarked, deep glossy green in color, but there is a
very colorful variety of Arboricola with bright
yellow markings on its foliage.
The Ficus, or fig, family has contributed several
familiar varieties to our indoor gardens, including
the popular Rubber Tree (Ficus elastica), the bold
Fiddle Leaf Fig (Ficus lyrata), and the ubiquitous
Benjamin Fig (Ficus benjamina), veritable forests of
which have been planted in airports and shopping
malls around the world. All of the upright Ficus
species (there are some vining ones as well) have
the potential to become small trees. They do well in
bright, indirect light, and prefer their soil to get
just a little dry between thorough waterings. New
leaves emerge one at a time from the ends of their
stems. One key to the identification of these house
plants is the fact that they all exude a milky white
sap when cut or bruised.
Perhaps the most popular as well as the most diverse
group of indoor plants consists of members of the
Aroid family, including Philodendrons, Pothos,
Chinese Evergreens, Dieffenbachias, and the
aforementioned Peace Lilies. These are plants of the
forest floor in their native tropics, and thus are
well adapted to the low light conditions of most
homes and offices. From climbing vines to spreading
clumps to low, herbaceous shrubs, the Aroid tribe
offers a wide variety of foliage forms and
variegation patterns (there are several pictures of
these house plants in our new gallery). Most are
quite easy to grow, requiring evenly moist soil and
moderate light levels.
Philodendrons (normally a uniform green in color)
and pothos (brightly marbled with yellow or white on
a green background) are frequently grown on bark
totem poles for support. If permitted to climb, the
leaves of these vines will become successively
larger as they grow. But left to dangle, the leaves
stay the same size or gradually become smaller.
Shrubby Chinese Evergreens and Dieffenbachias
feature an amazing diversity of colorful foliage
patterns, while the leafy Peace Lilies, which are
usually all green in color, produce long lasting,
white, flag-like blossoms when grown well.